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What Is Scaling and Root Planing?

Scaling and root planing, often referred to as a “deep cleaning,” is a two-step process that removes plaque, calculus, and bacteria from the roots and teeth surfaces. Scaling involves removing the buildup of tartar and plaque above and below the gumline, while root planing smooths the root surfaces to promote gum reattachment and prevent future bacteria buildup. This procedure is crucial in treating periodontal disease, halting gum recession, and protecting against tooth loss.

Scaling and root planing helps restore a clean, healthy foundation, allowing the gums to heal and reducing inflammation and bleeding.

Benefits of Scaling and Root Planing

Scaling and root planing offers several benefits for patients dealing with gum disease:

  • Reduces Bacteria and Infection: By removing plaque and tartar buildup, scaling and root planing helps eliminate bacteria responsible for gum infections.
  • Promotes Gum Reattachment: Smoothing root surfaces encourages the gums to reattach to the teeth, reducing gum recession and creating a healthier gumline.
  • Prevents Tooth Loss: By managing gum disease, this treatment helps prevent tooth loss associated with advanced periodontal disease.

Improves Oral Hygiene and Freshens Breath: Scaling and root planing makes it easier to maintain good oral hygiene and reduces bacteria that cause bad breath.

What to Expect During Scaling and Root Planing

Scaling and root planing is performed in two main stages to ensure a thorough and effective deep clean:

  1. Scaling: Using specialized dental tools, the dentist carefully removes plaque, tartar, and bacterial buildup from the tooth surfaces and below the gumline.
  2. Root Planing: Once the scaling is complete, the dentist smooths the root surfaces, making it more difficult for bacteria to adhere and encouraging gum tissue to heal and reattach to the teeth.

Local anesthesia may be used for patient comfort, and multiple appointments might be scheduled based on the extent of the treatment required.

Dr. Ivan Carrion, dentist in Charlotte, NC

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Frequently Asked Questions

What is the purpose of scaling and root planing?

Scaling and root planing aims to treat and control periodontal disease by removing harmful bacteria and buildup from below the gumline. This process helps reduce inflammation, bleeding, and gum recession, creating a healthier environment that encourages gum reattachment to the teeth. Left untreated, periodontal disease can lead to gum recession, bone loss, and ultimately tooth loss. Scaling and root planing serves as an effective, preventive measure for managing and reversing early stages of gum disease, promoting long-term gum health.

Is scaling and root planing painful?

Scaling and root planing is generally well-tolerated by patients, especially with the use of local anesthesia to numb the treatment area. Some patients may experience mild discomfort, tenderness, or sensitivity in the treated area afterward, but these symptoms typically subside within a few days. Our team takes every step to ensure a comfortable experience, and any post-treatment discomfort can usually be managed with over-the-counter pain relievers and following aftercare instructions provided by the dentist.

How does scaling and root planing help with gum recession?

Scaling and root planing helps address gum recession by thoroughly cleaning the root surfaces and reducing bacteria that contribute to inflammation and gum detachment. Root planing smooths the roots, which encourages the gums to reattach to the teeth, preventing further recession. This procedure can help improve the gumline, reducing gaps between the gums and teeth where bacteria and plaque accumulate. Scaling and root planing, combined with consistent oral hygiene, effectively reduces the risk of further recession.

How often should scaling and root planing be done?

The frequency of scaling and root planing depends on each patient’s periodontal health. For individuals with periodontal disease, initial scaling and root planing may be followed by regular periodontal maintenance cleanings every three to four months to prevent further infection. Patients with significant gum disease may require additional treatments as recommended by the dentist. Scaling and root planing is typically a one-time procedure, with maintenance determined by the severity of gum disease and each patient’s commitment to oral hygiene.

What aftercare is needed following a scaling and root planing procedure?

After scaling and root planing, it’s important to follow specific aftercare instructions to support healing. Patients should avoid eating or drinking hot foods until numbness wears off and be gentle with brushing around the treated area. Rinsing with a saltwater solution can help soothe gums and reduce inflammation. For the first few days, avoid smoking and eating crunchy foods that could irritate the gums. Keeping up with regular brushing, flossing, and attending follow-up appointments are essential to maintaining the results and promoting gum health.

Can scaling and root planing prevent tooth loss?

Yes, scaling and root planing can be highly effective in preventing tooth loss by addressing the root cause of periodontal disease. By removing the bacterial buildup that contributes to gum inflammation, scaling and root planing helps protect the gums and bone from further deterioration. Regular deep cleanings, when necessary, create a healthier environment for the teeth, reducing the risk of advanced gum disease that often leads to tooth loss.

Is scaling and root planing the same as a regular dental cleaning?

No, scaling and root planing is more comprehensive than a regular dental cleaning. While a standard cleaning removes plaque and tartar from the visible surfaces of the teeth, scaling and root planing addresses buildup below the gumline and on the root surfaces. It is specifically targeted to treat gum disease and often requires anesthesia to ensure patient comfort. Scaling and root planing is essential for patients with gum disease, as it removes bacteria that contribute to inflammation, recession, and tooth loss.

How does root planing prevent future plaque buildup?

Root planing smooths the root surfaces, making it more difficult for bacteria to adhere and form plaque below the gumline. This smoother surface helps reduce the risk of bacterial buildup and gum pockets that can harbor plaque and calculus. When combined with good oral hygiene practices and regular cleanings, root planing effectively reduces the chances of future periodontal issues, providing long-term benefits for gum health and stability.

Are there any risks or side effects associated with scaling and root planing?

Scaling and root planing is a safe procedure with minimal risks. Some patients may experience mild discomfort, tenderness, or gum sensitivity following treatment, but these effects are typically short-lived. In rare cases, patients might experience mild swelling or bleeding, which usually resolves within a few days. Our team provides detailed aftercare instructions to minimize any discomfort and ensure proper healing, making scaling and root planing an effective, low-risk solution for managing periodontal health.

What are the signs that I may need scaling and root planing?

Signs that scaling and root planing may be needed include persistent gum inflammation, bleeding when brushing or flossing, gum recession, and chronic bad breath. Other indicators of gum disease are loose teeth or an increase in gum pockets, which can trap bacteria and lead to further infection. If you’re experiencing any of these symptoms, a periodontal assessment can determine whether scaling and root planing is the best treatment option to restore your gum health.

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